Active Word Bank
Lexical Data Retrieval System
fancy (doing something)
to want or like the idea of doing something
take up
to start a new hobby, activity or habit
grow on me
to become more liked over time
hopeless at
very bad at doing something
the hype
a lot of excitement or publicity about something
let off steam
to release stress or strong emotions
nothing beats
nothing is better than
switch off
to relax and stop thinking about worries
take to it
to start liking or doing something easily
very encouraging
giving confidence or hope
put someone off
to make someone lose interest or enthusiasm
Cleft Sentences
rave (about sth)
to praise something very much
let someone down
to fail to support or help someone as they had hoped
grab
to take hold of something or someone suddenly and roughly
welcoming
friendly and making you feel welcome
desperate
needing or wanting something very much
apprenticeship
working for an employer to learn job skills
mentor / expertise
a guide with specialized knowledge
accountable / responsible
expected to explain or take responsibility
comfort / mourning
providing support to someone grieving
stranded / pulled over
being stuck until help arrives
babysit / let down
looking after children after a disappointment
put at ease
to make someone feel relaxed
moral support
encouragement to reduce worry
in the same boat
being in the same difficult situation
overheard
heard something by chance
Narrative Tenses
accountable / responsible
expected to take responsibility for actions
gossiping / distracting
talking about others, preventing concentration
have a go at (me)
to criticize or shout at someone
undermine / point the finger
to make someone look bad / to blame
jam
when a machine stops working
at fault
being responsible for a mistake
lose / keep your temper
to get angry / to control emotions
make redundant
to lose a job because the position is gone
go on and on
to talk too much without stopping
coming up with
producing (e.g. ideas)
pointless
something useless with no result
pass out
to lose consciousness / faint
gadgets / phenomenon
small machines / unusual events
Exaggeration
clear the air
to discuss a problem to remove bad feelings
not on speaking terms
refusing to talk after an argument
make up
to become friends again after a fight
come to blows
to have a physical fight
compromise
to agree to something middle-ground
irritated (skin)
red, painful, and itchy skin, often an allergy
bumped (head) / out cold
hitting your head and losing consciousness
stomach bug / vomiting
illness causing you to be sick for a long time
strained (muscle) / limp off
overstretching a muscle, causing difficulty walking
spinal injury / mobility
damage to the spine restricting movement
kidney failure / transplant
kidneys stop working; donor organ needed
bashed / black and blue
hitting a limb hard, causing a bruise
arthritis / swollen joints
disease causing pain and inflammation in joints
The Future in the Past
tackle (a problem)
to make a determined effort to deal with a difficult situation
empower (someone)
to give someone the authority or freedom to do something
reclaim (the streets)
to take back something that was lost or taken away
deprive (of something)
to take away something necessary or important from someone
lobby / campaign
to try to persuade the government or organize activities to achieve a goal
sustain (development)
to allow something to continue for a long period of time
raise awareness
to help people understand that a situation or problem exists
expertise
a high level of knowledge or skill in a particular field
Double Comparatives
abandoned
left empty and no longer used or wanted
bankrupt
unable to pay what you owe; out of money
demolished
completely destroyed, especially a building
neglected
not looked after properly; in bad condition
outdated
no longer useful or modern; old-fashioned
restored
repaired and returned to its original condition
shrunk
became smaller in size or amount
turned into
changed or transformed into something else
Negative Questions
let off steam
to get rid of strong feelings like anger
growing on me
starting to like something more
sleeping rough
sleeping outside (homeless)
strained a muscle
injured by overstretching
out cold
unconscious (head injury)
swollen joints
body parts enlarged due to illness
outdated / bankrupt
no longer useful / no money for debts
demolished / luxury
destroyed building / expensive and comfy
blowing a gale
when there is a very strong and powerful wind
sticky / humid
weather that is hot and damp, making you feel uncomfortable
brightened up
when the weather becomes sunnier and the clouds disappear
miserable
very bad weather, usually cold, grey, and rainy
bitterly (cold)
extremely cold, in an unpleasant way
pouring down / soaked
raining very hard / being completely wet from the rain
chilly / frost
uncomfortably cold / a thin white layer of ice on the ground
breeze
a light and pleasant wind
thunderstorm / flooded
a storm with thunder and lightning / covered in water
Ways of expressing the future
plead guilty / not guilty
to state in court whether you are guilty of a crime or not
award custody / damages
when a judge decides who should look after a child or how much money someone should get
crack down on (crime)
to start dealing with someone or something much more strictly
rule against / in favour of
when a judge makes an official decision against or for someone
appeal against (a ruling)
to formally ask a court to change a decision
testify for (the prosecution)
to give evidence in court to help prove someone is guilty
accused of (a crime)
when someone is officially blamed for doing something illegal
broken the terms (of agreement)
to fail to follow the rules of an official contract
Verb patterns and reporting
accused of (accepting bribes)
officially blamed for taking money to do something dishonest
disqualified
stopped from taking part in a competition because of breaking a rule
neck and neck
being at exactly the same level as a competitor
burn off (calories)
to use up energy or fat through physical activity
dive
to fall down intentionally to win a free kick or penalty (in football)
dream of (turning pro)
to strongly want to become a professional athlete
foul (someone)
to do something illegal to a player in a game
possession
the time a team or player spends with the ball
sponsorship deal
an agreement where a company pays an athlete to promote them
talk back (to the ref)
to answer a referee in a rude or disrespectful way
Even and Hardly
gender equality
the state in which access to rights or opportunities is unaffected by gender
caring professions
jobs like nursing or teaching that involve looking after others
self-esteem
confidence in one's own worth or abilities
inequality
unfair difference in status, power, or opportunity
engineering
the branch of science and technology concerned with design and building
talking about feelings
sharing emotional states with others
expressing anger
the act of showing strong displeasure or hostility
Signposting & Structure
on the ball
alert and quick to understand
in a bad way
ill or in a difficult situation
stubborn streak
tendency to be determined to have your way
mature for one's age
behaving like an older person
lack confidence
being insecure/doubting oneself
real potential
qualities that can lead to success
struggling a bit
having some difficulties
paralysed
unable to move part of the body
loyal to
constant support for someone
worthy of
deserving of respect or donations
awareness of
knowledge of a situation
expertise in
high level of skill in a field
lobby / campaign for
to work toward a law change or goal
Defining & Non-defining Clauses
pattern / accessory
a repeated decorative design / an item like a bag or belt added to an outfit
checked / stripy / flowery
patterns: squares / lines / flower designs
blouse / cap / tights
a women’s shirt / a flat hat with a curved front / tight leg covering
pendant / bracelet / stud / earring / chain
jewelry: decorative neck pendant (zawieszka), bracelet, or ear stud/earring
fastener / strap / buckle / laces
closures: general fastener (zapięcie), material strip (strap), metal catch (buckle), or strings (laces)
sleeve
the part of a shirt, jacket, or dress that covers the arm
flared / ripped / faded
styles: wider at the bottom / torn / lost color
wavy / a bob / dyed
hair: loose curls (wavy/fale), chin-length cut (bob), or color-treated (dyed)
vintage / high-end
clothing from a previous era / expensive designer items
clash (with sth) / subtle
when colors don't match / not loud or noticeable
try it on
to put on clothes to see if they fit or look good
Noun Phrase Construction
rebelled against
to oppose or fight against people in authority or traditional rules
rubbed off on (me)
when someone's qualities or habits start to affect you and become part of your character
stand out (from the crowd)
to be much better than other similar things or people, or very easy to notice
invaluable
extremely useful; so important that the value cannot be measured
emphasis on
special importance, value, or prominence given to something
meaningful
serious, important, or useful
pointless
having no meaning or purpose; not worth doing
stand out
to be very noticeable
Prepositions
bitterly (cold) / miserable
extremely cold / very bad, grey and rainy weather
soaked / pouring down
completely wet / raining very hard
plead guilty / accused of
to admit a crime in court / to be officially blamed
sponsorship deal / disqualified
financial agreement for promotion / removed from a game for breaking rules
neck and neck
being at exactly the same level as a competitor
invaluable / meaningful
extremely useful / serious and important
rebel against / stand out
to oppose authority / to be very noticeable or better than others
Review: Units 3 & 4
bashed / black and blue
hit body part / covered in bruises
itchy / irritates
needing to scratch / making skin painful
swollen / arthritis
enlarged part / disease causing joint pain
transplant / donor
organ operation / person giving organ
abandoned / demolished
left empty / destroyed building
bankrupt / outdated
no money for debts / no longer modern
let off steam
getting rid of anger or stress
moral support
encouragement in a tough situation